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Understanding
9/11New Municipal Bond Issuance
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AI-generated image description: Line chart showing new municipal bond issuance in nominal dollars from 1996 to 2014, peaking around 2010 near $280 billion before declining sharply.
AI-extracted visible text:
New Municipal Bond Issuance
In nominal dollars
$300b
250
200
150
100
50
0
1996 '98 2000 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 '12 '14
FIVETHIRTYEIGHT
SOURCE: SECURITIES INDUSTRY AND FINANCIAL MARKETS ASSOCIATION
Originally embedded in "Why We Still Can’t Afford to Fix America’s Broken Infrastructure", an article by Andrew Flowers: https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/why-we-still-cant-afford-to-fix-americas-broken-infrastructure/?amp
Original source URL: https://fivethirtyeight.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/flowers-feature-infrastructure-3.png
AI disclosure: Image descriptions and visible-text extraction were generated using Sonnet 4.6 by Anthropic.
AI-extracted visible text:
New Municipal Bond Issuance
In nominal dollars
$300b
250
200
150
100
50
0
1996 '98 2000 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 '12 '14
FIVETHIRTYEIGHT
SOURCE: SECURITIES INDUSTRY AND FINANCIAL MARKETS ASSOCIATION
Originally embedded in "Why We Still Can’t Afford to Fix America’s Broken Infrastructure", an article by Andrew Flowers: https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/why-we-still-cant-afford-to-fix-americas-broken-infrastructure/?amp
Original source URL: https://fivethirtyeight.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/flowers-feature-infrastructure-3.png
AI disclosure: Image descriptions and visible-text extraction were generated using Sonnet 4.6 by Anthropic.
- Addeddate
- 2026-05-23 15:25:07
- Collection_added
- podcasts
- External-identifier
-
urn:fakethirtyeight:image:fivethirtyeight-image-1192a87ea066
urn:fakethirtyeight:image-source-url:https://fivethirtyeight.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/flowers-feature-infrastructure-3.png
urn:fakethirtyeight:source-article-url:https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/why-we-still-cant-afford-to-fix-americas-broken-infrastructure/?amp - Identifier
- fivethirtyeight-image-1192a87ea066
- Originalurl
- https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/why-we-still-cant-afford-to-fix-americas-broken-infrastructure/?amp
- Source
-
https://fivethirtyeight.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/flowers-feature-infrastructure-3.png
- Year
- 2014
